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SpaceWeather.com -- News and information about meteor showers, solar flares, auroras, and near-Earth asteroids

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Science news and information about the Sun-Earth environment.

SPACE WEATHER
Current
Conditions

Solar Wind

speed: 387.1 km/s
density:
9.1 protons/cm3
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

X-ray Solar Flares

6-hr max:
M1 1710 UT Sep19
24-hr: M1 1710 UT Sep19
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

Daily Sun: 17 Sep '04
Sunspot 673 poses a threat for M-class solar flares. Image credit: SOHO/MDI

The Far Side of the Sun

This holographic image reveals a middling sunspot on the far side of the sun. Image credit: SOHO/MDI


Sunspot Number: 50
What is the sunspot number?
Updated: 18 Sep 2004

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 6.1 nT
Bz:
3 nT south
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2246 UT

Coronal Holes:

The indicated coronal hole might spray a solar wind stream past Earth on Sept 18th or 19th. Image credit: NOAA's Solar X-ray Imager (SXI)


SPACE WEATHER
NOAA
Forecasts

Solar Flares: Probabilities for a medium-sized (M-class) or a major (X-class) solar flare during the next 24/48 hours are tabulated below.
Updated at 2004 Sep 19 2200 UTC
FLARE 0-24 hr 24-48 hr
CLASS M 15 % 10 %
CLASS X 01 % 01 %

Geomagnetic Storms: Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at 2004 Sep 19 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 15 % 20 %
MINOR 01 % 05 %
SEVERE 01 % 01 %

High latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 20 % 25 %
MINOR 05 % 10 %
SEVERE 01 % 01 %

What's Up in Space -- 19 Sep 2004
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QUIET WEEKEND: Solar activity is low and should remain so this weekend. Bright auroras are unlikely.

Never miss another meteor shower. Or lunar eclipse. Or space station flyby. Sign up for Spaceweather PHONE.

NOT A UFO: Sometimes NASA scientists don't need to go all the way to space to do their experiments; the upper reaches of Earth's atmosphere is good enough. That's why NASA runs an active program of scientific ballooning.

On Sept. 16th, a NASA balloon took off from Fort Sumner, New Mexico, bound for the stratosphere. Harald Edens of nearby Socorro took this picture of it floating by at an altitude of 126,000 ft:


Details: Nikon D100 camera, 8" telescope, 1/750 sec, 400 ISO.

"It looked quite eerie after sunset, still being in full sunlight in a dark sky next to the crescent moon," says Edens. "The balloon was about as bright as Venus but it appeared bigger, likely making some people think they were seeing a UFO."

This balloon is still in the air. Becky Ramotowski saw it near Tijeras, New Mexico, on Sept. 16th (picture) and Victor Bobbett spotted it over Phoenix, Arizona, on Sept 17th (picture).

URANUS: Earth and Uranus are having a close encounter this month; the two worlds are "only" 2.9 billion km apart. Shining like a 6th magnitude star, Uranus is barely visible to the unaided eye. Look for it in the constellation Aquarius around 10 o'clock at night, but don't bother unless you have very dark skies. [sky map]

Better yet, use a telescope. Ralf Vandebergh of the Netherlands took the above picture of Uranus on Sept. 16th using a 10-inch telescope and a digital web camera.

"Uranus has a strong polar flattening due to its fast rotation (17 hours and 14 minutes)," says Vandebergh. "This image clearly shows the flattening. It was also observable by eye--simply looking through the telescope's eyepiece--at 300x in excellent seeing."



Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs are on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.

On 19 Sep 2004 there were 618 known Potentially
Hazardous Asteroids

Sept. 2004 Earth-asteroid encounters
ASTEROID

 MISS DISTANCE

 MAG.
2003 UX34

Sept. 9

22 LD

 18
2004 JA27

Sept. 10

23 LD

 19
1998 OX4

Sept. 14

25 LD

 18
Toutatis

Sept. 29

4 LD

 9
Notes: LD is a "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.

Essential Web Links

NOAA Space Environment Center -- The official U.S. government bureau for real-time monitoring of solar and geophysical events, research in solar-terrestrial physics, and forecasting solar and geophysical disturbances.

Atmospheric Optics -- the first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. See also Snow Crystals.

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory -- Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. (European Mirror Site)

Daily Sunspot Summaries -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Current Solar Images --a gallery of up-to-date solar pictures from the National Solar Data Analysis Center at the Goddard Space Flight Center. See also the GOES-12 Solar X-ray Imager.

Recent Solar Events -- a nice summary of current solar conditions from lmsal.com.

SOHO Farside Images of the Sun from SWAN and MDI.

The Latest SOHO Coronagraph Images -- from the Naval Research Lab

The Sun from Earth -- daily images of our star from the Big Bear Solar Observatory

List of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

Observable Comets -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

What is the Interplanetary Magnetic Field? -- A lucid answer from the University of Michigan. See also the Anatomy of Earth's Magnetosphere.

Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from NASA's ACE spacecraft. How powerful are solar wind gusts? Read this story from Science@NASA.

More Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Proton Monitor.

Aurora Forecast --from the University of Alaska's Geophysical Institute

Daily Solar Flare and Sunspot Data -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Lists of Coronal Mass Ejections -- from 1998 to 2001

What is an Iridium flare? See also Photographing Satellites by Brian Webb.

Vandenberg AFB missile launch schedule.

What is an Astronomical Unit, or AU?

Mirages: Mirages in Finland; An Introduction to Mirages;

NOAA Solar Flare and Sunspot Data: 1999; 2000; 2001; 2002; 2003; Jan-Mar., 2004;

Space Audio Streams: (University of Florida) 20 MHz radio emissions from Jupiter: #1, #2, #3, #4; (NASA/Marshall) INSPIRE: #1; (Stan Nelson of Roswell, New Mexico) meteor radar: #1, #2;

Recent International Astronomical Union Circulars

GLOSSARY | SPACE WEATHER TUTORIAL

Editor's Note: This site is sponsored by Science@NASA. Space weather and other forecasts that appear here are formulated by Dr. Tony Phillips. They are not guarantees of space weather or other celestial activity.

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