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SpaceWeather.com -- News and information about meteor showers, solar flares, auroras, and near-Earth asteroids

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Science news and information about the Sun-Earth environment.

SPACE WEATHER
Current
Conditions

Solar Wind
speed: 367.4 km/s
density:
11.5 protons/cm3
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT


X-ray Solar Flares

6-hr max:
A2 1810 UT Sep29
24-hr: A2 1810 UT Sep29
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

Daily Sun: 29 Sep '05

These small sunspots pose no threat for strong solar flares. Credit: SOHO/MDI


Sunspot Number: 22
What is the sunspot number?
Updated: 28 Sep 2005

Far Side of the Sun

This holographic image reveals on the farside of the sun an old friend: sunspot 798, which sparked bright auroras in August and Sept. 2005. Image credit: SOHO/MDI

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 2.6 nT
Bz:
0.9 nT south
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2246 UT

Coronal Holes:

A solar wind stream flowing from the indicated coronal hole will pass below Earth, probably not hitting our planet, this week. Image credit: SOHO Extreme UV Telescope.


SPACE WEATHER
NOAA
Forecasts

Solar Flares: Probabilities for a medium-sized (M-class) or a major (X-class) solar flare during the next 24/48 hours are tabulated below.
Updated at 2005 Sep 29 2204 UTC
FLARE 0-24 hr 24-48 hr
CLASS M 01 % 01 %
CLASS X 01 % 01 %

Geomagnetic Storms: Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at 2005 Sep 29 2204 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 20 % 20 %
MINOR 10 % 10 %
SEVERE 01 % 01 %

High latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 30 % 30 %
MINOR 20 % 20 %
SEVERE 05 % 05 %

What's Up in Space -- 29 Sep 2005
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Did you miss the auroras of September? Next time get a phone alert: Sign up for SpaceWeather PHONE.

QUIET SUN: Solar activity is very low. Strong flares and auroras are unlikely this week.

SOLAR ECLIPSE: On October 3rd, the moon will glide in front of the sun, producing a solar eclipse visible from Europe, Africa and the Middle East: map. What will it look like? This depends on where you are.

In Madrid, for instance, 90% of the sun will be covered. For four long minutes, a "ring of fire" will emerge all around the moon. Astronomers call this an annular eclipse. An example is pictured right. (Photo credit: Hans Coeckelberghs of Scotland, May 2003.)

Thousands of miles away in Baghdad, only 23% of the sun is covered. The sun, viewed through a safe filter, will look like a fat crescent. Fun activity: Look for sunbeams dappling the ground through the leaves of trees. They'll look like fat crescents, too.

Millions of people can observe this event, from Madrid to Baghdad and all points in between. Get the full story from NASA.

EARTH'S SHADOW: You've seen it happen: The sun goes down and the western sky explodes with color: red, orange, violet. Another beautiful sunset. But have you noticed what happens to the other side of the sky? While the sun is setting in the west, Earth's shadow is rising in the east:

"I went looking for a sunset photo, but found this instead," says photographer Andy Skinner of Yosemite National Park. The dark band rising behind Half Dome is Earth's shadow. The pink air above it is called the "Belt of Venus." The air looks pink because it is illuminated by reddened rays from the setting sun.



Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs are on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.

On 29 Sep 2005 there were 710 known Potentially
Hazardous Asteroids

August 2005 Earth-asteroid encounters
ASTEROID

 DATE (UT)

 MISS DISTANCE

 MAG.
1992 UY4

August 8

16 LD

 12
Notes: LD is a "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.

Essential Web Links

NOAA Space Environment Center -- The official U.S. government bureau for real-time monitoring of solar and geophysical events, research in solar-terrestrial physics, and forecasting solar and geophysical disturbances.

Atmospheric Optics -- the first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. See also Snow Crystals.

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory -- Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. (European Mirror Site)

Daily Sunspot Summaries -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Current Solar Images --a gallery of up-to-date solar pictures from the National Solar Data Analysis Center at the Goddard Space Flight Center. See also the GOES-12 Solar X-ray Imager.

Recent Solar Events -- a nice summary of current solar conditions from lmsal.com.

SOHO Farside Images of the Sun from SWAN and MDI.

The Latest SOHO Coronagraph Images -- from the Naval Research Lab

The Sun from Earth -- daily images of our star from the Big Bear Solar Observatory

List of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

Observable Comets -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

What is the Interplanetary Magnetic Field? -- A lucid answer from the University of Michigan. See also the Anatomy of Earth's Magnetosphere.

Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from NASA's ACE spacecraft. How powerful are solar wind gusts? Read this story from Science@NASA.

More Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Proton Monitor.

Aurora Forecast --from the University of Alaska's Geophysical Institute

Daily Solar Flare and Sunspot Data -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Lists of Coronal Mass Ejections -- from 1998 to 2001

What is an Iridium flare? See also Photographing Satellites by Brian Webb.

What is an Astronomical Unit, or AU?

Mirages: Mirages in Finland; An Introduction to Mirages;

NOAA Solar Flare and Sunspot Data: 1999; 2000; 2001; 2002; 2003; 2004; Jan-Mar., 2005;

Space Audio Streams: (University of Florida) 20 MHz radio emissions from Jupiter: #1, #2, #3, #4; (NASA/Marshall) INSPIRE: #1; (Stan Nelson of Roswell, New Mexico) meteor radar: #1, #2;

Recent International Astronomical Union Circulars

GLOSSARY | SPACE WEATHER TUTORIAL

This site is penned daily by Dr. Tony Phillips: email

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