When is the best time to see auroras? Where is the best place to go? And how do you photograph them? These questions and more are answered in a new book, Northern Lights - a Guide, by Pal Brekke & Fredrik Broms. | | | MORNING PLANETS: Set your alarm for dawn! Venus and Jupiter are converging for a spectacular conjunction in the early morning sky. Closest approach: August 18th. A video from NASA previews the encounter. [photo gallery] ERUPTING FILAMENT CREATES 'CANYON OF FIRE', CME: A magnetic filament snaking down the middle of the solar disk erupted during the late hours of Aug. 15th. The eruption split the sun's atmosphere, hurling a CME toward Earth and creating a "canyon of fire," shown here in a movie recorded by the Solar Dynamics Observatory: The glowing walls of the canyon trace the original channel where the filament was suspended by magnetic forces above the stellar surface. From end to end, the structure stretches more than 250,000 km--a real Grand Canyon. Of greater interest to us on Earth is the coronal mass ejection (CME) which billowed away from the blast site: movie. Coronagraph images from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory show that it is a 'halo CME.' In other words, it is heading straight for Earth. Minor geomagnetic storms are possible when the cloud arrives during the late hours of August 18th. High-latitude sky watchers should be alert for auroras. Aurora alerts: text, voice Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery THE LANDSCAPE OF A COMET--NOW IN 3D: For the past few days, we have highlighted a recent image of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko taken by Europe's Rosetta spacecraft. Spaceweather.com reader Hanno Falk of Germany has taken that image to a new level by adding a 3rd dimension. Click on the graphic below, then cross your eyes to merge the two nuclei. Oh, and be careful not to fall over the cliff: Falk created the cross-eyed view by combining two images taken by Rosetta 17 minutes apart. ESA did the same thing to make a 3D anaglyph. The problem with anaglyphs is that they require 3D glasses. Falk's version requires only two eyes. The 3D view reveals a deep canyon separating the two lobes of 67P's core. The canyon's smooth floor is peppered with boulders, while the highlands outside the canyon are jagged and dimpled by crater-like depressions. Now imagine this magnificent landscape ruptured by dozens of geysers spewing dust and gas into space. Future pictures may show exactly that. Rosetta will follow this comet for more than a year as it approaches the sun. In 2015, if not sooner, solar heating will activate the comet's icy core, creating a riot of activity the likes of which no spacecraft has ever seen before. Stay tuned for that. Realtime Comet Photo Gallery Realtime Meteor Photo Gallery Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery Realtime NLC Photo Gallery Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com. On Aug. 16, 2014, the network reported 54 fireballs. (33 sporadics, 14 Perseids, 4 kappa Cygnids, 2 Northern delta Aquariids, 1 Southern delta Aquariid) In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies] Potentially Hazardous Asteroids ( PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time. On August 16, 2014 there were 1494 potentially hazardous asteroids. Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach. | The official U.S. government space weather bureau | | The first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. | | Researchers call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO is the most advanced solar observatory ever. | | 3D views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory | | Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. | | from the NOAA Space Environment Center | | the underlying science of space weather | |