You are viewing the page for Oct. 1, 2021
  Select another date:
<<back forward>>
SpaceWeather.com -- News and information about meteor showers, solar flares, auroras, and near-Earth asteroids
 
Solar wind
speed: 471.3 km/sec
density: 3.6 protons/cm3
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 2345 UT
X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max: B3
2139 UT Oct01
24-hr: B8
1100 UT Oct01
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at: 2350 UT
Daily Sun: 01 Oct 21
Expand: labels | no labels
Sunspot AR2877 has a 'beta-gamma' magnetic field that harbors energy for M-class solar flares. Credit: SDO/HMI

Sunspot number: 46
What is the sunspot number?
Updated 01 Oct 2021

Spotless Days
Current Stretch: 0 days
2021 total: 59 days (21%)
2020 total: 208 days (57%)
2019 total: 281 days (77%)
2018 total: 221 days (61%)
2017 total: 104 days (28%)
2016 total: 32 days (9%)
2015 total: 0 days (0%)
2014 total: 1 day (<1%)
2013 total: 0 days (0%)
2012 total: 0 days (0%)
2011 total: 2 days (<1%)
2010 total: 51 days (14%)
2009 total: 260 days (71%)
2008 total: 268 days (73%)
2007 total: 152 days (42%)
2006 total: 70 days (19%)

Updated 01 Oct 2021


Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 5.63
x1010 W Cold
Max: 49.4
x1010 W Hot (10/1957)
Min: 2.05
x1010 W Cold (02/2009)
explanation | more data: gfx, txt
Updated 01 Oct 2021

The Radio Sun
10.7 cm flux: 95 sfu
explanation | more data
Updated 01 Oct 2021

Cosmic Rays Solar Cycle 25 is beginning, and this is reflected in the number of cosmic rays entering Earth's atmosphere. Neutron counts from the University of Oulu's Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory show that cosmic rays reaching Earth are slowly declining--a result of the yin-yang relationship between the solar cycle and cosmic rays.

Oulu Neutron Counts

Percentages of the Space Age average:
today: +8.3% High
48-hr change: +0.7%
Max: +11.7% Very High
(12/2009)
Min: -32.1% Very Low (06/1991)
explanation | more data
Updated 01 Oct 2021 @ 1700 UT

Current Auroral Oval:
Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica
Credit: NOAA/Ovation
Planetary K-index
Now: Kp= 2 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 4
unsettled
explanation | more data
Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 12.3 nT
Bz: 6.2 nT north
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 2344 UT
Coronal Holes: 01 Oct 21

There are no significant equatorial coronal holes on the Earthside of the sun.
Credit: SDO/AIA

Noctilucent Clouds The northern hemisphere season for noctilucent clouds appears to be over. NASA's AIM spacecraft detected no evidence of NLCs around the north pole on Aug. 29th.
Switch view: Europe, USA, Asia, Polar
Updated at:
SPACE WEATHER
NOAA Forecasts
Updated at: 2021 Oct 01 2200 UTC
FLARE
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
CLASS M
10 %
10 %
CLASS X
01 %
01 %
Geomagnetic Storms:
Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at: 2021 Oct 01 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
35 %
20 %
MINOR
10 %
05 %
SEVERE
01 %
01 %
High latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
10 %
20 %
MINOR
25 %
25 %
SEVERE
45 %
25 %
 
Friday, Oct. 1, 2021
What's up in space
       
 

Lights Over Lapland has a full catalogue of exciting adventures in Abisko National Park, Sweden! Check out our daytime and evening activities and book your adventure!

 

SCHRODINGER'S CME HIT EARTH (NO, IT DIDN'T): Did a CME hit Earth's magnetic field today? An examination of solar wind data reveals evidence for both possibilities: Yes and no. There is no sharp discontinuity in solar wind speed typical of CME strikes. But, yes, there are enhanced magnetic fields like those often found in the wake of CMEs. Whatever happened, it successfully disturbed Earth's magnetic field just enough for some Arctic auroras on Sept. 30th/Oct. 1st. Aurora alerts: SMS Text.

MARTIAN COMMUNICATIONS BLACKOUT: Starting tomorrow, Oct. 2nd, NASA mission controllers will lose contact with spacecraft and rovers at Mars. The two-week blackout is due to the sun. Click on the image, below, to see what's going on:

As this 3-day movie from SOHO shows, Mars is approaching the sun for a close encounter. Astronomers call it "solar conjunction." From Oct. 2nd through Oct. 14th, Mars will be within 2 degrees of the sun. Thus, NASA has placed a moratorium on communications.

No one attempts to send new instructions to Mars during solar conjunction. It's impossible to predict what information might be lost due to interference from solar radio bursts or distorted by refraction in the sun's atmosphere. Garbled commands could potentially endanger the spacecraft. Instead, prior to solar conjunction, engineers send two weeks' worth of instructions and wait. See you on the other side, Mars!

Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

EARTH CAN MAKE ITS OWN AURORAS: No solar storms? No problem. Earth has learned to make its own auroras. New results from NASA's THEMIS-ARTEMIS spacecraft show that a type of Northern Lights called "diffuse auroras" comes from our own planet--no solar storms required.

Diffuse auroras look a bit like pea soup. They spread across the sky in a dim green haze, sometimes rippling as if stirred by a spoon. They're not as flamboyant as auroras caused by solar storms. Nevertheless, they are important because they represent a whopping 75% of the energy input into Earth's upper atmosphere at night. Researchers have been struggling to understand them for decades.


Above: Diffuse auroras and the Big Dipper, photographed by Emmanuel Masongsong in Fairbanks, AK

"We believe we have found the source of these auroras," says UCLA space physicist Xu Zhang, lead author of two papers reporting the results in the Journal of Geophysical Research and Physics of Plasmas.

It is Earth itself. Earth performs the trick using electron beams. High above our planet's poles, beams of negatively-charged particles shoot upward into space, accelerated by electric fields in Earth's magnetosphere. Sounding rockets and satellites discovered the beams decades ago. It turns out, they can power the diffuse auroras.

The video, below, shows how it works. The beams travel in great arcs through the space near Earth. As they go, they excite ripples in the magnetosphere called Electron Cyclotron Harmonic (ECH) waves. Turn up the volume and listen to the waves recorded by THEMIS-ARTEMIS:


Above: The electrical circuit in space, which powers diffuse auroras. ECH waves were sonified by NASA's HARP (Heliophysics Audified: Resonances in Plasmas) software.

ECH waves, in turn, knock other electrons out of their orbits, forcing them to fall back down onto the atmosphere. This rain of secondary electrons powers the diffuse auroras.

"This is exciting," says UCLA professor Vassilis Angelopoulos, a co-author of the papers and lead of the THEMIS-ARTEMIS mission. "We have found a totally new way that particle energy can be transferred from Earth's own atmosphere out to the magnetosphere and back again, creating a giant feedback loop in space."

According to Angelopoulos, Earth's polar electron beams sometimes weaken but they never completely go away, not even during periods of low solar activity. This means Earth can make auroras without solar storms.

The sun is currently experiencing periods of quiet as young Solar Cycle 25 sputters to life. Pea soup, anyone?

An expanded and sharable version of this story may be found here.

Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

STERLING SILVER OPAL PENDANT: It might be the most beautiful space pendant ever: The Sterling Silver Opal. Earth to Sky Calculus just launched one to the stratosphere onboard a cosmic ray research balloon. Here it is floating 103,018 ft above Earth's surface on Sept. 5th:

You can have it for $179.95. The opal is wrapped in a sterling silver Celtic love knot and suspended from a matching chain. Anyone who receives this far-out gift will be impressed by the accompanying greeting card, which shows the opal in flight and tells the story of its trip to the edge of space.

Opals are cousins of blue moonstones; in fact, they look much the same in low light. But when bright sunlight strikes an opal, something special happens. A spray of color emerges from the stone. This happened while the opal was in the stratosphere (see above) and it remains capable of this beautiful trick back on Earth.

Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store
All sales support hands-on STEM education


  All Sky Fireball Network
Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.

On Sep 30, 2021, the network reported 21 fireballs.
(19 sporadics, 2 southern Taurids)

In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies]

  Near Earth Asteroids
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.
On October 1, 2021 there were 2214 potentially hazardous asteroids.
Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:
Asteroid
Date(UT)
Miss Distance
Velocity (km/s)
Diameter (m)
2021 SW1
2021-Sep-26
0.7 LD
10.8
4
2021 RP10
2021-Sep-27
9.6 LD
16.4
42
2021 SQ1
2021-Sep-27
0.4 LD
13.4
6
2021 SR2
2021-Sep-28
2.2 LD
11.1
23
2021 SK1
2021-Sep-28
7.4 LD
14.2
31
2021 RG19
2021-Sep-28
2.2 LD
15.4
41
2021 ST1
2021-Sep-28
4.7 LD
10.6
14
2021 RM5
2021-Sep-30
10.9 LD
4.1
18
2021 RF2
2021-Sep-30
7.3 LD
5.4
24
2021 SZ1
2021-Oct-03
2.3 LD
13.7
17
2021 SV1
2021-Oct-04
6.8 LD
8.9
18
2021 SE1
2021-Oct-05
8.6 LD
4.3
20
2021 ST
2021-Oct-06
6 LD
9.1
23
2021 RP12
2021-Oct-06
5 LD
9.6
42
1998 SD9
2021-Oct-06
10.6 LD
10.8
59
2015 TQ21
2021-Oct-07
10.7 LD
20.7
12
2021 SD2
2021-Oct-07
5.7 LD
6.6
15
2021 RF5
2021-Oct-10
19.9 LD
8.8
47
2021 QF5
2021-Oct-11
15.4 LD
7.1
60
2019 SE5
2021-Oct-11
16.3 LD
6.6
16
2021 SF1
2021-Oct-12
6.2 LD
3.4
12
2021 SM1
2021-Oct-14
6.9 LD
7.2
28
2020 TH6
2021-Oct-19
7.3 LD
5.9
6
1996 VB3
2021-Oct-20
8.8 LD
15.3
135
2021 SG2
2021-Oct-21
15.9 LD
5.8
24
2021 RE10
2021-Oct-21
15.5 LD
5.1
56
2017 SJ20
2021-Oct-25
18.7 LD
15.7
123
2019 UW6
2021-Oct-26
8 LD
11.1
17
2009 WY7
2021-Nov-02
19.2 LD
14.7
54
2017 TS3
2021-Nov-02
13.9 LD
9.9
135
2005 VL1
2021-Nov-04
17 LD
5.2
18
2020 KA
2021-Nov-06
14.9 LD
4.8
11
2019 XS
2021-Nov-09
1.5 LD
10.7
65
2017 WG14
2021-Nov-10
18.6 LD
11.6
45
2004 UE
2021-Nov-13
11.1 LD
13.2
178
2016 VR
2021-Nov-15
8 LD
8.7
20
2010 VK139
2021-Nov-15
6.4 LD
13.9
65
2019 VL5
2021-Nov-15
8.6 LD
8
23
2016 JG12
2021-Nov-20
14.4 LD
7.5
112
2021 KH2
2021-Nov-21
19.3 LD
6.5
31
3361
2021-Nov-21
15.1 LD
8.1
555
2014 WF201
2021-Nov-24
13.2 LD
5.5
27
2009 WB105
2021-Nov-25
15.1 LD
18.9
71
2019 BB5
2021-Nov-25
18.8 LD
8.3
16
1994 WR12
2021-Nov-29
16.1 LD
8.8
123
Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.
  Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere

SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 6 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.

Latest results: Our most recent flight on June 25, 2021, confirms a trend of decreasing cosmic radiation:

Cosmic ray dose rates peaked in late 2019, and have been slowly declining ever since. This makes perfect sense. Solar Minimum was in late 2019. During Solar Minimum the sun's magnetic field weakens, allowing more cosmic rays into the solar system. We expect dose rate to be highest at that time.

Now that Solar Minimum has passed, the sun is waking up again. Solar magnetic fields are strengthening, providing a stiffer barrier to cosmic rays trying to enter the solar system. The decline of cosmic radiation above California is a sign that new Solar Cycle 25 is gaining strength.

.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can seed clouds, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. Somewhat more controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) llink cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

En route to the stratosphere, our sensors also pass through aviation altitudes:

In this plot, dose rates are expessed as multiples of sea level. For instance, we see that boarding a plane that flies at 25,000 feet exposes passengers to dose rates ~10x higher than sea level. At 40,000 feet, the multiplier is closer to 50x. The higher you fly, the more radiation you will absorb.

Technical notes:

The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.

Data points in the first graph ("Stratospheric Radiation") correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.

  Essential web links
NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center
  The official U.S. government space weather bureau
Atmospheric Optics
  The first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena.
Solar Dynamics Observatory
  Researchers call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO is the most advanced solar observatory ever.
STEREO
  3D views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
  Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO.
SolarMonitor.org
  information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary
Daily Sunspot Summaries
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
NOAA 27-Day Space Weather Forecasts
  fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong.
Aurora 30 min forecast
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
Heliophysics
  the underlying science of space weather

To get the best views of the cosmos, check out the Phoenix Window Glass Replacement experts for all your window and glass needs

To get an up close view of the heavenly bodies surrounding Earth, think about selling your junk car for cash and buying a high quality telescope.
Spaceweather.com welcomes these supporters of science communication: RV Sales and Arizona SEO and Arizona Business Directory and C8 Corvette | Phoenix Personal Injury Lawyer | Phoenix SEO
Going above and beyond to provide the best homes listings in the Comox real estate market to keep you up to date and informed
NASA Near Earth Asteroid Home Page

There are more and larger selections of independent UK casinos, not on Gamstop. Also better alternatives to Gamstop listed on BestUK.Casino.

In regards to YouTube, it's best to buy real Youtube subscribers from companies like BRSM.IO and not fake subscribers!

One of the most popular casino games is the Book Of Dead Slot based on ancient Egyptian text, you can find all the casinos with spins at bookofdeadslotsites.com.

Strange but true: Online casinos support science education
Find the best online casinos for real money at the Aussie Casino site
Looking for sports betting companies not registered on GamStop? CasinoGap has presented a list of sites not on GamStop available for UK players. Check and bet online!

Would you like to bet at sites not using GamStop? Look at a list of NonStopCasino sites for online betting that aren't on GamStop. Top-rated bookmakers ever!

When looking for casinos to play online when the weather is bad, you can try luotettavat nettikasinot for Finnish games. If you are not from Finland you can try the Swedish page Svenska casino online to find suitable games, check out svenskacasinoonline.net. Always check your local laws before playing with real money.
Finns rank fourth among the world’s biggest gamblers. More on Finnish online casinos you can find at Nettikasino site.
Chicago SEO Expert
Search Kelowna Real Estate Listings & Homes for Sale easily.
Find help on all Calgary Homes For Sale and Real Estate Listings. Great source for Edmonton Real Estate Listings & Homes For Sale

To find reviews of new online casino sites in the UK try The Casino DB where there are hundreds of online casino reviews complete with bonuses and ratings. Alternatively, Online-Casinos.xyz is another massive directory of online casinos listing sites for the UK and Worldwide.

Casinos that offer Rupees for bonuses are very generous to Indian players. Find the best online casinos in India at AllCasinos.in 

Looking for a new online casino? Try Casimpo the new site dedicated to making online casino simple, or check out the new Avenger Slots Casino and Ace Online Casino with over 500 online slots and casino games.

  These links help Spaceweather.com stay online. Thank you to our supporters!
  more links...
 
 



space weather alerts


Ph:+212 663 359 453.
Enjoy a magical night under
the stars in Merzouga
Sahara Desert




Kelowna Real Estate homes




Orange County Personal Injury Lawyer

* Check out wholesalecabinets.us for the best wholesale cabinets online

* If you are looking for a marketing website design, consider hiring Ramotion design agency

Buzz Voice is the best site to buy instagram likes from

* Buy Adult and Kids Animal Kirugumi Pajamas at QualityOnesie.com. Get Best Adult Onesies With Discounted Prices.

Explore the best laptops in Romania listed at smartbuyer.ro and claim your deal for Blackfriday

Online Coupons Codes | Best Discount Codes

Web Design Essex

VPS Hosting | Aandelen Kopen

GreenPromoCode.com: Promo Codes in Real-Time

Real money online casino Canada


Top5Credits.com

Kompressor

VIP Real Estate

Systemic Self Integration Familienstellen Krefeld

US Zip Codes

Unit Converter

Directory


Instagram Search

B2B Marketplace

Cableuniverse.co.uk


space weather alerts

Baltimore Personal Injury Attorneys

A Bitcoin VPS allows you to host your servers anonymously. If that's what you're looking for you can buy a VPS with Bitcoin here

Buy 1:1 quality replica watches at WatchesReplica.to. Get perfect replica watches with discounted prices and free shipping



buy cheap instagram followers

Exclusive Strategies For Investors With $5 Million To $500 Million Liquid Assets With PillarWM Wealth Management

Bankruptcy Attorney San Diego

Basement Waterproofing Indianapolis

Concrete Leveling Indianapolis

Top Best Paint Sprayers



space weather alerts

CasinoHEX UK

best wireless webcam

space weather alerts


Bankruptcy Law Center | Bankruptcy Attorneys

Parhaat nettikasinot at nettikasinot360.com



Top10BestPro 

space weather alerts


Dean Consulting Group

Law Offices of Randolph Rice

space weather alerts

HEY! SOMEBODY'S GOTTA PAY THE SERVER BILLS...

CasinoHEX.at

合法のギャンブルサイトの探しに飽きましたか。SlotsUpで オンラインカジノの詳細なレビューをチェックするだけで見つけます!

Find all of your favorite Romanian casinos online on supercazino.ro

Gravitate to HideousSlots.com for Slot Reviews and Casino Bonuses

Find the best betting offers in Mexico at bonosdebienvenida.com

Find the best bonus on Book of Dead slot today

Find the best new online casino for Finland at uudetnettiasinot.io

Find a great Finnish non-sticky casino bonus at casinobonukset.io

Find the best bitcoin cash casino and travel to space with your BCH casino winnings. Crypto SNACK guides you to the crypto casino moon

StrictionD | probiolite reviews | nerve renew reviews | Nerve Renew | His Secret Obsession Review

https://inkedin.com/

PokerV adalah situs judi pkv games online terpercaya dan agen situs judi qq terbaik di indonesia.

Play casino games for real money at Red Dog Casino with safe deposit methods

MrCasinova.com

Casinority Australia - the best gambling guide for Australian players. Check out the list of top Australian online casinos!

US Legal Gambling Guide: Find Everything You Need to Know About Casinos, DFS and Online Sportbooks at Gamblerzz.

Check out the latest video slots and slot casinos at AllSlotSites.com.

For casinos without a Swedish license casinoutanlicens.io is your best bet

CasinoTopp.net – Norwegian guide about casino online

If you are into transport and infrastructure you should check out samferdsel news site.

If you like to play space themed games check Norges Casino to play for free

Casino Top 10

Onlinecasinoxxl.com

Live Casino | Online Videoslots

btcasino.info provides all the information to find the best Bitcoin casinos

Casino Online

Mola138 menghadirkan 16 provider Slot Online terkenal dunia didalam 1 situs judi online

Non-citizens living in the UK cannot gamble on UKGC-licensed casinos. Alternatives not covered by Gamstop can be found here.

nettikasinot

Discover the best new online casinos listed at newcasinosites.me.uk today and claim your new player bonus

Find the best no deposit bonus for Canadian players today

Katso kaikki parhaat nettikasinot suomalaisille pelaajille

casinokix.com

Visit Krootez.com the best site to Buy Instagram likes

Czech website for casino and betting Sazeni online

Best Bitcoin Casinos

Bist Du auf der Suche nach einem Beste online Casino in Deutschland? SchweinGehabt.de möchte Dir dabei helfen! Mehrjährige Erfahrungen in diesem Bereich als Dealer und professioneller Spieler stehen Dir zur Verfügung

FUE Hair Transplants at Bubolo Medical in Atlanta, GA

Goldstar social is the best place to Buy Instagram followers UK and worldwide

buy 1000 instagram followers from gpc.fm

The HEX portal gives you a unique opportunity to enjoy the best NettiCasinoHEX.com and experience true Finnish quality!

Get the best new online casino sign up bonuses and pokies bonus offers at bonusgiant.com

No matter the weather, players from New Zealand can always rely on step-by-step gambling guides and a full real money casinos list on iCasinoReviews

Canadians who need help finding a good online casino, go to Casinohelp.ca

Casino Daddy is a global leader in reviewing and listing the best online casinos currently on the market

De nummer 1 marktplaats voor alle casino bonus aanbiedingen. 

Een prima overzicht van de beste online casino opties in Nederland.

Europe's number 1 online casino portal is onlinecasinoinformatie.com.

www.macaupoker99a.com

www.realworldevaluation.org

オンラインカジノ

Get the reviews for the latest slot games and Boku casino sites at bokuslots.com

online slots

Spill Blackjack Online for penger

       
©2021 Spaceweather.com. All rights reserved. This site is penned daily by Dr. Tony Phillips.
©2019 Spaceweather.com. All rights reserved.