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QUIET WITH A CHANCE OF FLARES: Solar activiy is low, but the quiet could be short-lived. Big sunspot AR3141 has a 'beta-gamma' magnetic field that habors energy for strong M-class solar flares. Any explosions today (NOAA says there is a 15% chance) will be geoeffective as the sunspot is directly facing Earth. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text
CHINA'S SPACE STATION IS COMPLETE: China has just completed construction of the Tiangong space station. The final piece was added on Oct. 31st when an 18-meter lab module named Mengtian ("Dreaming of the Heavens") reached orbit. Its addition almost doubled the volume of the station, giving China a major outpost in Earth orbit.
On Nov. 8th, Tiangong flew over Manorville, New York, where amateur astronomer Philip Smith was waiting with his backyard telescope:
"The space station has changed shape since I last saw it," says Smith. "Now it looks like a big letter T."
Smith has been monitoring Tiangong since China started building the space station in April 2021. He put together a composite of photos he has taken to show its rapid growth:
In little more than 18 months, Tiangong has expanded from a small core barely able to fit a crew of three astronauts to a roomy, modern facility as large as Russia's Mir space station from the 1980s.
You can see Tiangong for yourself. It's almost as bright as the planet Mars. Observers in the USA are favored this week with a series of bright passes in the pre-dawn sky. Check Heavens Above for local flyby times (Tip: Click on Tiangong.)
Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
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SPRITES FROM HURRICANE NICOLE: Florida is bracing for the arrival of rare November Hurricane Nicole. Two days ago when the intensifying storm was passing Puerto Rico, Frankie Lucena pointed his cameras above the cloudtops and captured a sprite:
"This sprite appeared over one of the outer bands that was generating lots of lightning," says Lucna. "By the way, the outer bands are the best places to look for sprites. Back in 2016, I captured a bunch of sprites in one of the outer bands of Hurricane Matthew. Nicole is strengthening so there could be more sprites in the coming days." Here's where to look.
Realtime Sprite Photo Gallery
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WHERE NO CHRISTMAS ORNAMENT HAS GONE BEFORE: You cannot buy a rare Capt. Kirk space ornament on Amazon. But you can get one from the Earth to Sky Store. On Oct 9, 2022, the students of Earth to Sky Calculus launched Capt. Kirk to the stratosphere onboard a cosmic ray research balloon. Here he is floating 109,620 feet high:
You can have it for $99.95. The students are selling Kirk ornaments to pay the helium bill for their cosmic ray ballooning program. Made by Hallmark in the 1990s, the ornament comes with a greeting card showing the captain of the Enterprise in flight and telling the story of its trip to the stratosphere and back again.
Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store
All sales support hands-on STEM education
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Every night, a network of
NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.
On Nov 10, 2022, the network reported 12 fireballs.
(7 sporadics, 5 northern Taurids)
In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies]
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (
PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding
new ones all the time.
On November 10, 2022 there were 2314 potentially hazardous asteroids.
|
Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters: Asteroid | Date(UT) | Miss Distance | Velocity (km/s) | Diameter (m) |
2022 UB16 | 2022-Nov-05 | 7.5 LD | 19.7 | 44 |
2022 UK10 | 2022-Nov-05 | 15.4 LD | 11.8 | 27 |
2022 UM21 | 2022-Nov-05 | 10.2 LD | 14.3 | 17 |
2022 UM16 | 2022-Nov-05 | 11.8 LD | 15.8 | 69 |
2022 UY14 | 2022-Nov-06 | 8.8 LD | 19.8 | 34 |
2022 UC34 | 2022-Nov-06 | 1.7 LD | 10.9 | 7 |
2022 UO6 | 2022-Nov-06 | 11.5 LD | 11.5 | 38 |
2022 VA | 2022-Nov-06 | 8.2 LD | 12.3 | 25 |
2022 UC22 | 2022-Nov-07 | 18.3 LD | 17.4 | 197 |
2022 UN21 | 2022-Nov-07 | 8 LD | 11.1 | 18 |
2022 US6 | 2022-Nov-07 | 9.7 LD | 7.2 | 19 |
2022 UR21 | 2022-Nov-07 | 8.6 LD | 9.8 | 17 |
2022 VY | 2022-Nov-08 | 3.1 LD | 10 | 10 |
2022 UK5 | 2022-Nov-08 | 14.3 LD | 5.2 | 43 |
2020 WD | 2022-Nov-08 | 3 LD | 6 | 8 |
2022 UC5 | 2022-Nov-08 | 6.1 LD | 12.9 | 37 |
2022 UV20 | 2022-Nov-09 | 7.7 LD | 8.4 | 20 |
2019 XS | 2022-Nov-10 | 16.7 LD | 11.9 | 60 |
2022 VP | 2022-Nov-11 | 8.1 LD | 5.1 | 19 |
2022 UV14 | 2022-Nov-11 | 10.8 LD | 7.6 | 19 |
2020 FC4 | 2022-Nov-12 | 19.3 LD | 13.3 | 78 |
2022 VE | 2022-Nov-13 | 11.3 LD | 9.6 | 31 |
2022 UH16 | 2022-Nov-14 | 14.8 LD | 9.8 | 23 |
2022 UP2 | 2022-Nov-14 | 10.6 LD | 6 | 34 |
2019 VL5 | 2022-Nov-15 | 8.5 LD | 8.1 | 24 |
2022 UD28 | 2022-Nov-16 | 10.9 LD | 11.5 | 32 |
2018 WH | 2022-Nov-16 | 2.5 LD | 7.7 | 4 |
2022 US14 | 2022-Nov-18 | 8.5 LD | 8.2 | 39 |
2022 VX | 2022-Nov-20 | 11.2 LD | 5.9 | 13 |
2019 OR1 | 2022-Nov-21 | 18.1 LD | 13.4 | 246 |
2005 LW3 | 2022-Nov-23 | 3 LD | 13.5 | 168 |
2022 VQ | 2022-Nov-27 | 7.7 LD | 8.2 | 24 |
2010 VQ | 2022-Dec-02 | 11.9 LD | 3.9 | 10 |
2009 HV58 | 2022-Dec-02 | 12.3 LD | 28.8 | 427 |
2022 UT8 | 2022-Dec-02 | 11.1 LD | 4.2 | 64 |
2017 QL33 | 2022-Dec-03 | 16 LD | 6.9 | 195 |
2019 XY | 2022-Dec-10 | 3.6 LD | 12.9 | 9 |
2003 YS70 | 2022-Dec-13 | 10.4 LD | 4.1 | 5 |
2019 XQ1 | 2022-Dec-13 | 14.5 LD | 9.8 | 30 |
2018 XU3 | 2022-Dec-13 | 14.8 LD | 10.3 | 30 |
2021 XS4 | 2022-Dec-14 | 14.5 LD | 9.7 | 23 |
2015 RN35 | 2022-Dec-15 | 1.8 LD | 5.9 | 84 |
2016 YE | 2022-Dec-18 | 18.6 LD | 4.8 | 23 |
2014 HK129 | 2022-Dec-20 | 6.7 LD | 11.6 | 214 |
2017 XQ60 | 2022-Dec-21 | 18.8 LD | 16 | 45 |
2022 UD9 | 2022-Dec-22 | 4.6 LD | 10.3 | 153 |
2022 RD2 | 2022-Dec-22 | 13.9 LD | 1.1 | 7 |
2013 YA14 | 2022-Dec-25 | 2.7 LD | 10.5 | 68 |
2022 TE14 | 2022-Dec-25 | 11.2 LD | 7 | 128 |
2018 YK2 | 2022-Dec-26 | 15.8 LD | 15.1 | 98 |
2010 XC15 | 2022-Dec-27 | 2 LD | 10.1 | 184 |
2021 AE | 2022-Dec-28 | 16.5 LD | 15 | 23 |
2021 NF | 2023-Jan-02 | 17.9 LD | 11.3 | 40 |
2011 WR41 | 2023-Jan-03 | 15.8 LD | 8.9 | 34 |
2019 AY3 | 2023-Jan-04 | 16.8 LD | 19.7 | 62 |
Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. | Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere |
SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 7 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.
Latest results (July 2022): Atmospheric radiation is decreasing in 2022. Our latest measurements in July 2022 registered a 6-year low:
What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down.
.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.
Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.
| The official U.S. government space weather bureau |
| The first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. |
| Researchers call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO is the most advanced solar observatory ever. |
| 3D views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory |
| Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. |
| information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary |
| current counts of failed and deployed Starlink satellites from Jonathan's Space Page |
| Authoritative predictions of space junk and satellite re-entries |
| from the NOAA Space Environment Center |
| fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong. |
| from the NOAA Space Environment Center |
| the underlying science of space weather |
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