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SpaceWeather.com -- News and information about meteor showers, solar flares, auroras, and near-Earth asteroids

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Science news and information about the Sun-Earth environment.

SPACE WEATHER
Current
Conditions

Solar Wind
speed: 657.4 km/s
density:
0.5 protons/cm3
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2244 UT


X-ray Solar Flares

6-hr max:
X1 2005 UT Sep13
24-hr: X1 2005 UT Sep13
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

Daily Sun: 12 Sep '05

Sunspot 798 poses a threat for strong X-flares. Credit: SOHO/MDI


Sunspot Number: 62
What is the sunspot number?
Updated: 12 Sep 2005

Far Side of the Sun

This holographic image reveals no large 'spots on the far side of the sun. Image credit: SOHO/MDI

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 5.4 nT
Bz:
1.4 nT south
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2246 UT

Coronal Holes:

There are no large coronal holes on the Earth-facing side of the sun.Image credit: NOAA Solar X-ray Imager.


SPACE WEATHER
NOAA
Forecasts

Solar Flares: Probabilities for a medium-sized (M-class) or a major (X-class) solar flare during the next 24/48 hours are tabulated below.
Updated at 2005 Sep 12 2204 UTC
FLARE 0-24 hr 24-48 hr
CLASS M 80 % 75 %
CLASS X 60 % 50 %

Geomagnetic Storms: Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at 2005 Sep 12 2204 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 35 % 30 %
MINOR 20 % 20 %
SEVERE 15 % 10 %

High latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 20 % 35 %
MINOR 35 % 20 %
SEVERE 20 % 15 %

What's Up in Space -- 13 Sep 2005
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Would you like a call when auroras are brewing over your hometown? Sign up for SpaceWeather PHONE.

AURORA WATCH: A geomagnetic storm, which has persisted for more than 2 days, is finally subsiding. The chances for auroras tonight are subsiding with it.

At its peak on Sept. 11th, the storm sparked Northern Lights as far south as Arizona in the United States:

"The brightest period was short-lived, and provided us with a deep ruby glow in the north east," says photographer Chris Schur of Payson, AZ. "Thank you SpaceWeather PHONE for the tip!"

More auroras are possible on Sept. 15th as a result of today's X-flare from sunspot 798. Stay tuned.

September 11th Aurora Gallery

SUNSPOT 798: Giant sunspot 798 is slowly decaying, but it still poses a threat for strong flares. Indeed it has just unleashed an X1-class flare on Sept. 13th at 1925 UT. This makes eight X-flares since Sept. 7th when the active region produced a record-setting X17-class monster.

Above: Sunspot group 798, photographed on Sept. 13th by Jerome Grenier of Paris, France. The largest "island" near the middle is about as wide as the planet Neptune.

You can see sunspot 798 with the unaided eye--but never look directly at the sun. Try these safe solar observing tips.

SUN SOUNDS: The active sun is emitting not only flares and CMEs, but also radio waves. "Today the sun has been in a state of almost-constant continuum storming--all day long it has sounded sort of like the rise and fall of electromagnetic surf," says Thomas Ashcraft . who recorded the following sounds using a 22 MHz receiver in New Mexico: audio file. If you have a ham rig and a big shortwave antenna, try listening! [more]



Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs are on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.

On 13 Sep 2005 there were 710 known Potentially
Hazardous Asteroids

August 2005 Earth-asteroid encounters
ASTEROID

 DATE (UT)

 MISS DISTANCE

 MAG.
1992 UY4

August 8

16 LD

 12
Notes: LD is a "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.

Essential Web Links

NOAA Space Environment Center -- The official U.S. government bureau for real-time monitoring of solar and geophysical events, research in solar-terrestrial physics, and forecasting solar and geophysical disturbances.

Atmospheric Optics -- the first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. See also Snow Crystals.

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory -- Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. (European Mirror Site)

Daily Sunspot Summaries -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Current Solar Images --a gallery of up-to-date solar pictures from the National Solar Data Analysis Center at the Goddard Space Flight Center. See also the GOES-12 Solar X-ray Imager.

Recent Solar Events -- a nice summary of current solar conditions from lmsal.com.

SOHO Farside Images of the Sun from SWAN and MDI.

The Latest SOHO Coronagraph Images -- from the Naval Research Lab

The Sun from Earth -- daily images of our star from the Big Bear Solar Observatory

List of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

Observable Comets -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

What is the Interplanetary Magnetic Field? -- A lucid answer from the University of Michigan. See also the Anatomy of Earth's Magnetosphere.

Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from NASA's ACE spacecraft. How powerful are solar wind gusts? Read this story from Science@NASA.

More Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Proton Monitor.

Aurora Forecast --from the University of Alaska's Geophysical Institute

Daily Solar Flare and Sunspot Data -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Lists of Coronal Mass Ejections -- from 1998 to 2001

What is an Iridium flare? See also Photographing Satellites by Brian Webb.

What is an Astronomical Unit, or AU?

Mirages: Mirages in Finland; An Introduction to Mirages;

NOAA Solar Flare and Sunspot Data: 1999; 2000; 2001; 2002; 2003; 2004; Jan-Mar., 2005;

Space Audio Streams: (University of Florida) 20 MHz radio emissions from Jupiter: #1, #2, #3, #4; (NASA/Marshall) INSPIRE: #1; (Stan Nelson of Roswell, New Mexico) meteor radar: #1, #2;

Recent International Astronomical Union Circulars

GLOSSARY | SPACE WEATHER TUTORIAL

This site is penned daily by Dr. Tony Phillips: email

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