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SpaceWeather.com -- News and information about meteor showers, solar flares, auroras, and near-Earth asteroids
 
Solar wind
speed: 429.8 km/sec
density: 4.67 protons/cm3
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 1146 UT
X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max: C5
1929 UT Nov14
24-hr: C7
1340 UT Nov14
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at: 2350 UT
Daily Sun: 14 Nov 22
Expand: labels | no labels
Sunspot AR3141 has a 'beta-gamma' magnetic field that harbors energy for M-class solar flares. Credit: SDO/HMI

Sunspot number: 74
What is the sunspot number?
Updated 14 Nov 2022

Spotless Days
Current Stretch: 0 days
2022 total: 1 day (<1%)
2021 total: 64 days (18%)
2020 total: 208 days (57%)
2019 total: 281 days (77%)
2018 total: 221 days (61%)
2017 total: 104 days (28%)
2016 total: 32 days (9%)
2015 total: 0 days (0%)
2014 total: 1 day (<1%)
2013 total: 0 days (0%)
2012 total: 0 days (0%)
2011 total: 2 days (<1%)
2010 total: 51 days (14%)
2009 total: 260 days (71%)
2008 total: 268 days (73%)
2007 total: 152 days (42%)
2006 total: 70 days (19%)

Updated 14 Nov 2022


Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 15.93
x1010 W Neutral
Max: 49.4
x1010 W Hot (10/1957)
Min: 2.05
x1010 W Cold (02/2009)
explanation | more data: gfx, txt
Updated 14 Nov 2022

The Radio Sun
10.7 cm flux: 137 sfu
explanation | more data
Updated 14 Nov 2022

Cosmic Rays Solar Cycle 25 is beginning, and this is reflected in the number of cosmic rays entering Earth's atmosphere. Neutron counts from the University of Oulu's Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory show that cosmic rays reaching Earth are slowly declining--a result of the yin-yang relationship between the solar cycle and cosmic rays.

Oulu Neutron Counts

Percentages of the Space Age average:
today: +3.2% Elevated
48-hr change: +0.4%
Max: +11.7% Very High
(12/2009)
Min: -32.1% Very Low (06/1991)
explanation | more data
Updated 14 Nov 2022 @ 1700 UT

Current Auroral Oval:
Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica
Credit: NOAA/Ovation
Planetary K-index
Now: Kp= 1.00 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 2.00
quiet
explanation | more data
Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 4.29 nT
Bz: 1.67 nT north
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 1146 UT
Coronal Holes: 14 Nov 22

Solar wind flowing from this emerging coronal hole should reach Earth on Nov. 20th.
Credit: SDO/AIA

Noctilucent Clouds
The summer season for northern noctilucent clouds has ended; the southern season will begin in November.
Switch view: Europe, USA, Asia, Polar
Updated Nov14
SPACE WEATHER
NOAA Forecasts
Updated at: 2022 Nov 14 2200 UTC
FLARE
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
CLASS M
45 %
45 %
CLASS X
15 %
15 %
Geomagnetic Storms:
Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at: 2022 Nov 14 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
25 %
25 %
MINOR
05 %
05 %
SEVERE
01 %
01 %
High latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
15 %
15 %
MINOR
30 %
30 %
SEVERE
30 %
30 %
 
Monday, Nov. 14, 2022
What's up in space
       
 

Never miss another geomagnetic storm. Sign up for Space Weather Alerts and you'll receive a text message when magnetic storms erupt. Aurora tour guides and professional astronomers use this service. You can, too!

 

LONG-RANGE FORECAST: A fast-moving stream of solar wind is expected to hit Earth's magnetic field on Nov. 19th or 20th. It is flowing from a southern hole in the sun's atmosphere. High-latitude sky watchers should be alert for auroras at the end of this week. Aurora alerts: SMS Text

ELLERMAN BOMBS: Sunspot AR3140 is crackling--not with flares, but with Ellerman Bombs. Sylvain Weiller photographed the phenomenon today from Jerusalem, Israel:

A sampling of the bombs are circled for reference. Weiller caught more than a dozen explosions underway in sunpot AR3140 (left) and a few in sunspot AR3141 (right). All this action took place during a brief 30 second exposure.

Ellerman bombs are magnetic explosions about one-millionth as powerful as true solar flares. They are named after physicist Ferdinand Ellerman who studied the tiny blasts in the early 20th century. Of course, "tiny" is relative. A single Ellerman bomb releases about 1026 ergs of energy--equal to about 100,000 World War II atomic bombs.

Explosions like these are a sign of magnetic complexity in a sunspot. Opposite polarities bump together, reconnect, and--boom. A full-fledged flare may not be far behind. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text

more images: from Michael Karrer of Austria

Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

BLUEWALKER 3 UPDATE: The CEO of AST SpaceMobile, Abel Avellan, confirmed in a Tweet this morning that BlueWalker 3 has successfully unfurled its huge antenna. Here are two selfies of the array in orbit alongside members of the mission team:

"The array has been fully deployed," he says.

BlueWalker 3 is a revolutionary communications satellite designed to provide cell phone service from space. To detect weak cell phone signals from Earth's surface it needs a very large antenna. BlueWalker 3's is about the size of a squash court.

Astronomers have been anticipating and dreading the deployment for months. Some analysts believed that BlueWalker 3 might become one of the brightest objects in the night sky, outshining everything except the Moon. The broad array could reflect blinding beams of sunlight into telescopes on the ground below.

Initial observations suggest that BlueWalker 3 is indeed bright--although far from the worst case scenario. Paul Maley of Carefree, Arizona, has seen it four mornings in a row. "It has been about as bright as a 1st magnitude star," he says.


BlueWalker 3 passing by the bright star Procyon (m=+0.4) on Nov. 14th. Credit: Paul Maley

If the peak brightness is truly 1st magnitude,then BlueWalker 3 would be no worse than, say, China's Tiangong space station or the ISS, which pass through the night sky all the time. Astronomy is saved.

It may be too soon to relax, though. While this is only a single satellite for now, Bluewalker's maker AST SpaceMobile plans to launch more than 100 larger satellites called BlueBirds. These satellites could be more than twice the size of BlueWalker 3 and much brighter. Flocks of Bluebirds could ruin a lot of astronomical observations.

You can help monitor BlueWalker 3. Morning and evening flybys are currently happening over the USA. Check Heavens Above for local flyby times and let us know what you see.

more images: from Gary Dowdle of Fort Davis, Texas; from Wayne Wooten of Pensacola, Florida

Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

"I LOVE YOU MORE" OPAL: Nothing says "I love you" like jewelry from space. This sterling silver opal pendant just hitched a ride to the stratosphere on an Earth to Sky Calculus cosmic ray research balloon. At the apex of the flight it floated 101,326 feet above the Sierra Nevada mountains of central California:

You can have it for $142.95. The opal's infinity wrap is engraved with "I Love You More." It's the perfect birthday, anniversary or (never too early!) Christmas gift for that special someone who loves space. Each pendant comes with a greeting card showing the pendant in flight and telling the story of its trip to the stratosphere and back.

Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store
All sales support hands-on STEM education


Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

  All Sky Fireball Network
Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.

On Nov 14, 2022, the network reported 10 fireballs.
(7 sporadics, 2 Leonids, 1 northern Taurid)

In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies]

  Near Earth Asteroids
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.
On November 14, 2022 there were 2314 potentially hazardous asteroids.
Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:
Asteroid
Date(UT)
Miss Distance
Velocity (km/s)
Diameter (m)
2022 UV20
2022-Nov-09
7.7 LD
8.4
21
2022 VT1
2022-Nov-10
16.5 LD
9.1
27
2019 XS
2022-Nov-10
16.7 LD
11.9
60
2022 VN1
2022-Nov-10
2.7 LD
11.9
33
2022 VM1
2022-Nov-11
6 LD
13.9
18
2022 VZ1
2022-Nov-11
14.1 LD
15.1
70
2022 VP
2022-Nov-11
8.1 LD
5.1
19
2022 VO1
2022-Nov-11
3.5 LD
6
14
2022 UV14
2022-Nov-11
10.8 LD
7.6
19
2020 FC4
2022-Nov-12
19.3 LD
13.3
78
2022 VE
2022-Nov-13
11.3 LD
9.6
31
2022 VL1
2022-Nov-13
1.2 LD
8.7
15
2022 UH16
2022-Nov-14
14.8 LD
9.8
22
2022 UP2
2022-Nov-14
10.6 LD
6
34
2019 VL5
2022-Nov-15
8.5 LD
8.1
24
2022 UD28
2022-Nov-16
11 LD
11.5
31
2018 WH
2022-Nov-16
2.5 LD
7.7
4
2022 US14
2022-Nov-18
8.5 LD
8.3
41
2022 VU1
2022-Nov-20
7 LD
7.1
19
2022 VR1
2022-Nov-20
4 LD
5.7
38
2022 VX
2022-Nov-20
11.2 LD
5.9
14
2019 OR1
2022-Nov-21
18.1 LD
13.4
246
2022 VS1
2022-Nov-22
6.5 LD
7.7
23
2005 LW3
2022-Nov-23
3 LD
13.5
168
2022 VQ
2022-Nov-27
7.6 LD
8.2
23
2022 VB2
2022-Nov-29
9 LD
8.5
34
2010 VQ
2022-Dec-02
11.9 LD
3.9
10
2009 HV58
2022-Dec-02
12.3 LD
28.8
427
2022 UT8
2022-Dec-02
11.1 LD
4.2
64
2017 QL33
2022-Dec-03
16 LD
6.9
195
2022 VP1
2022-Dec-05
17.3 LD
7.1
56
2019 XY
2022-Dec-10
3.6 LD
12.9
9
2003 YS70
2022-Dec-13
10.4 LD
4.1
5
2019 XQ1
2022-Dec-13
14.5 LD
9.8
30
2018 XU3
2022-Dec-13
14.8 LD
10.3
30
2021 XS4
2022-Dec-14
14.5 LD
9.7
23
2015 RN35
2022-Dec-15
1.8 LD
5.9
84
2016 YE
2022-Dec-18
18.6 LD
4.8
23
2014 HK129
2022-Dec-20
6.7 LD
11.6
214
2017 XQ60
2022-Dec-21
18.8 LD
16
45
2022 UD9
2022-Dec-22
4.6 LD
10.3
152
2022 RD2
2022-Dec-22
13.9 LD
1.1
7
2013 YA14
2022-Dec-25
2.7 LD
10.5
68
2022 TE14
2022-Dec-25
11.2 LD
7
127
2018 YK2
2022-Dec-26
15.8 LD
15.1
98
2010 XC15
2022-Dec-27
2 LD
10.1
184
2021 AE
2022-Dec-28
16.5 LD
15
23
2021 NF
2023-Jan-02
17.9 LD
11.3
40
2011 WR41
2023-Jan-03
15.8 LD
8.9
34
2019 AY3
2023-Jan-04
16.8 LD
19.7
62
2021 TL
2023-Jan-09
14.2 LD
8.5
75
Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU.
  Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere

SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 7 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.

Latest results (July 2022): Atmospheric radiation is decreasing in 2022. Our latest measurements in July 2022 registered a 6-year low:

What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down.

.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.

Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.

  Essential web links
NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center
  The official U.S. government space weather bureau
Atmospheric Optics
  The first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena.
Solar Dynamics Observatory
  Researchers call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO is the most advanced solar observatory ever.
STEREO
  3D views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
  Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO.
SolarMonitor.org
  information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary
Starlink Satellite Statistics
  current counts of failed and deployed Starlink satellites from Jonathan's Space Page
The Aerospace Corporation
  Authoritative predictions of space junk and satellite re-entries
Daily Sunspot Summaries
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
NOAA 27-Day Space Weather Forecasts
  fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong.
Aurora 30 min forecast
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
Live Aurora Webcam
  from Lights over Lapland
Heliophysics
  the underlying science of space weather

To get the best views of the cosmos, check out the Phoenix Window Glass Replacement experts for all your window and glass needs

To get an up close view of the heavenly bodies surrounding Earth, think about selling your junk car for cash and buying a high quality telescope.
Spaceweather.com welcomes these supporters of science communication: RV Sales and Arizona SEO and Arizona Business Directory and C8 Corvette | Phoenix Personal Injury Lawyer | Phoenix SEO
NASA Near Earth Asteroid Home Page

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