 | | | Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica Credit: NOAA/Ovation  Planetary K-index
Now: Kp= 4 unsettled
24-hr max: Kp= 4 unsettled
explanation | more data
Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 4.59 nT
Bz: -1.89 nT south
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 1146 UT Coronal Holes: 04 Oct 22 
Earth is inside a stream of solar wind flowing from the indicated coronal hole. Credit: SDO/AIA  Noctilucent Clouds
The summer season for northern noctilucent clouds has ended. Switch view: Europe, USA, Asia, Polar Updated Oct04 SPACE WEATHER
NOAA Forecasts | | Updated at: 2022 Oct 04 2200 UTC FLARE | 0-24 hr | 24-48 hr | CLASS M | 65 % | 60 % | CLASS X | 30 % | 25 % | Geomagnetic Storms:
Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm Updated at: 2022 Oct 04 2200 UTC Mid-latitudes | 0-24 hr | 24-48 hr | ACTIVE | 45 % | 35 % | MINOR | 30 % | 15 % | SEVERE | 05 % | 01 % | High latitudes | 0-24 hr | 24-48 hr | ACTIVE | 15 % | 20 % | MINOR | 30 % | 30 % | SEVERE | 50 % | 30 % | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | Never miss another geomagnetic storm. Sign up for Space Weather Alerts and you'll receive a text message when magnetic storms erupt. Aurora tour guides and professional astronomers use this service. You can, too! | | | POSSIBLE CANNIBAL CME EVENT: According to NOAA forecasters, multiple CMEs are heading for Earth. ETA: Oct. 4th. This could be a "Cannibal CME" event. Cannibal CMEs form when a fast-moving CME devours one or more slower CMEs ahead of it. The combined cloud contains tangled magnetic fields that can do a good job sparking auroras. Storm levels could reach category G2 if/when the Cannibal arrives. Aurora alerts: SMS Text PINK PULSATING AURORAS--A "GLITCH IN THE MATRIX": Pink auroras are rare. Pulsating auroras are rare, too. Last night in Abisko, Sweden, sky watchers witnessed both rarities at the same time. Hit PLAY to make the sky pulse: "One of our tour guides, Miquel Such, photographed the display and created this time lapse," says Chad Blakley, the owner of Lights over Lapland. "All of our guides were talking about it the next morning. One of them described it as 'a glitch in the Matrix.'" Blakley has seen pulsating auroras before: "The best way to describe it is to imagine the sky as a large checker board," he says. "As the pulsating begins, black squares on the board would illuminate as a green aurora. Then, in an instant, all the black squares lose their illumination and the red squares on the imaginary checkerboard immediately glow green." In this case, however, the green was pink. Pink auroras appear when solar wind particles penetrate unusually deep in Earth's atmosphere, striking nitrogen molecules less than 100 km above our planet's surface. A crack in Earth's magnetic field on Oct. 3rd let the particles reach that level. Pulsating auroras are so mysterious, NASA keeps launching rockets into them to learn what makes them tick. In 2018, researchers led by S. Kasahara of the University of Tokyo conclusively linked pulsating auroras to "chorus waves" in Earth's magnetosphere. Their findings explain everything -- except the shape of the 'squares' and why they blink so quickly. Keep launching rockets, NASA. Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter RARE MR. SPOCK ORNAMENT: It's the logical way to decorate your Christmas tree--with a rare Mr. Spock ornament. This one has been to the edge of space. On Sept. 22, 2022, the students of Earth to Sky Calculus launched Spock to the stratosphere on board a cosmic ray research balloon: 
You can have it for $129.95. The students are selling Spock ornaments to pay the helium bill for their cosmic ray ballooning program. Made by Hallmark in the 1990s, the ornament comes with a greeting card showing the science officer in flight and telling the story of its trip to the stratosphere and back again. Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store
All sales support hands-on STEM education
Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com. On Oct 04, 2022, the network reported 14 fireballs.
(14 sporadics)  In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies] Potentially Hazardous Asteroids ( PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time. On October 4, 2022 there were 2298 potentially hazardous asteroids.
 | Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters: | Asteroid | Date(UT) | Miss Distance | Velocity (km/s) | Diameter (m) | | 2022 SR1 | 2022-Sep-29 | 12.1 LD | 6 | 25 | | 2016 HF2 | 2022-Sep-29 | 19.2 LD | 5.6 | 21 | | 2022 SA12 | 2022-Sep-29 | 3.7 LD | 10.6 | 9 | | 2022 SH12 | 2022-Sep-29 | 3.5 LD | 14.8 | 14 | | 2022 SG11 | 2022-Sep-29 | 2.8 LD | 18.9 | 13 | | 2022 SP43 | 2022-Sep-29 | 19.9 LD | 11 | 22 | | 2022 TG | 2022-Sep-29 | 4.7 LD | 12 | 33 | | 2022 SJ9 | 2022-Sep-29 | 3.2 LD | 9.9 | 12 | | 2022 SU7 | 2022-Sep-30 | 1.9 LD | 4.9 | 8 | | 2022 TP | 2022-Sep-30 | 1.1 LD | 8.1 | 20 | | 2022 SW24 | 2022-Sep-30 | 1.2 LD | 10.8 | 8 | | 2022 TE | 2022-Oct-01 | 6.1 LD | 7.3 | 13 | | 2022 TM | 2022-Oct-01 | 3.7 LD | 15.1 | 18 | | 2022 SB12 | 2022-Oct-01 | 2.4 LD | 11.2 | 12 | | 2022 SD25 | 2022-Oct-01 | 7.8 LD | 9.4 | 16 | | 2022 SB9 | 2022-Oct-01 | 5.2 LD | 8.8 | 20 | | 2022 SZ9 | 2022-Oct-01 | 1.5 LD | 7.7 | 8 | | 2022 TL | 2022-Oct-01 | 1 LD | 16.3 | 9 | | 2018 ER1 | 2022-Oct-02 | 14.7 LD | 4 | 27 | | 2022 SL28 | 2022-Oct-03 | 4.3 LD | 13.2 | 11 | | 2022 SC9 | 2022-Oct-03 | 13.3 LD | 15.3 | 43 | | 2022 TF | 2022-Oct-04 | 6.9 LD | 10.3 | 30 | | 2022 SM21 | 2022-Oct-04 | 4.9 LD | 15.1 | 12 | | 2022 SO11 | 2022-Oct-04 | 2.9 LD | 12.4 | 15 | | 2018 VG | 2022-Oct-05 | 18.5 LD | 6.7 | 12 | | 2022 SJ28 | 2022-Oct-05 | 14.9 LD | 9.2 | 19 | | 2022 TD | 2022-Oct-06 | 1 LD | 10.1 | 10 | | 2021 TJ10 | 2022-Oct-06 | 19.6 LD | 8.1 | 6 | | 2013 TJ6 | 2022-Oct-07 | 11.7 LD | 14.4 | 32 | | 2022 TV | 2022-Oct-08 | 6.3 LD | 18.6 | 17 | | 2022 TR | 2022-Oct-08 | 4 LD | 11.6 | 11 | | 2022 SU21 | 2022-Oct-08 | 3.2 LD | 19.9 | 41 | | 2022 SB29 | 2022-Oct-09 | 4.6 LD | 7.6 | 15 | | 2022 SV11 | 2022-Oct-09 | 17.1 LD | 14.4 | 35 | | 2022 SE10 | 2022-Oct-10 | 5.5 LD | 10.9 | 29 | | 2022 TS | 2022-Oct-10 | 2.3 LD | 16.6 | 13 | | 2022 RA5 | 2022-Oct-12 | 13.1 LD | 5.1 | 38 | | 2022 SG6 | 2022-Oct-13 | 15.7 LD | 10.9 | 87 | | 2013 SL20 | 2022-Oct-14 | 6.3 LD | 12.2 | 45 | | 2022 SY10 | 2022-Oct-15 | 6.4 LD | 3.2 | 15 | | 2022 SK48 | 2022-Oct-15 | 17.7 LD | 10.3 | 57 | | 2020 TO2 | 2022-Oct-15 | 1.4 LD | 12.6 | 18 | | 2020 BD | 2022-Oct-16 | 12.1 LD | 11.4 | 20 | | 2022 SK15 | 2022-Oct-16 | 9.5 LD | 15.8 | 57 | | 2022 QM6 | 2022-Oct-16 | 19.6 LD | 4.2 | 69 | | 2022 RB5 | 2022-Oct-22 | 13.1 LD | 5.3 | 115 | | 2005 AZ28 | 2022-Oct-24 | 11.5 LD | 5.4 | 48 | | 2022 TY | 2022-Oct-25 | 15 LD | 5.1 | 19 | | 2016 TH94 | 2022-Oct-25 | 19.1 LD | 13.5 | 43 | | 2019 AN5 | 2022-Oct-27 | 20 LD | 6.8 | 215 | | 2004 UT1 | 2022-Oct-29 | 4 LD | 6.3 | 17 | | 2021 VH | 2022-Nov-01 | 5.9 LD | 5.3 | 4 | | 2022 RM4 | 2022-Nov-01 | 6 LD | 23.5 | 443 | | 2020 WD | 2022-Nov-08 | 3 LD | 6 | 8 | | 2019 XS | 2022-Nov-10 | 16.7 LD | 11.9 | 60 | | 2019 VL5 | 2022-Nov-15 | 8.5 LD | 8.1 | 24 | | 2018 WH | 2022-Nov-16 | 2.5 LD | 7.7 | 4 | | 2019 OR1 | 2022-Nov-21 | 18.1 LD | 13.4 | 246 | | 2005 LW3 | 2022-Nov-23 | 3 LD | 13.5 | 168 | | 2010 VQ | 2022-Dec-02 | 11.9 LD | 3.9 | 10 | | 2009 HV58 | 2022-Dec-02 | 12.3 LD | 28.8 | 427 | Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. | | Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere | SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 7 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements. Latest results (July 2022): Atmospheric radiation is decreasing in 2022. Our latest measurements in July 2022 registered a 6-year low: 
What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down. .Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners. Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today. | | The official U.S. government space weather bureau | | | The first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. | | | Researchers call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO is the most advanced solar observatory ever. | | | 3D views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory | | | Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. | | | information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary | | | current counts of failed and deployed Starlink satellites from Jonathan's Space Page | | | Authoritative predictions of space junk and satellite re-entries | | | from the NOAA Space Environment Center | | | fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong. | | | from the NOAA Space Environment Center | | | the underlying science of space weather |  | BestCSGOGambling is the best site for everything related to CSGO gambling on the web | | To find reviews of new online casino sites in the UK try The Casino DB where there are hundreds of online casino reviews complete with bonuses and ratings. Alternatively, Online-Casinos.xyz is another massive directory of online casinos listing sites for the UK and Worldwide. Casinos that offer Rupees for bonuses are very generous to Indian players. Find the best online casinos in India at AllCasinos.in Looking for a new online casino? Try Casimpo the new site dedicated to making online casino simple, or check out the new Avenger Slots Casino and Ace Online Casino with over 500 online slots and casino games. | | One of the most popular casino games is the Book Of Dead Slot based on ancient Egyptian text, you can find all the casinos with spins at bookofdeadslotsites.com. | | When looking for casinos to play online when the weather is bad, you can try casino online trucchi for Italian games. If you are not from Finland you can try the Swedish page Svenska casino online to find suitable games, check out svenskacasinoonline.net. Always check your local laws before playing with real money. | | Looking for sports betting companies not registered on GamStop? CasinoGap has presented a list of sites not on GamStop available for UK players. Check and bet online! Would you like to bet at sites not using GamStop? Look at a list of NonStopCasino sites for online betting that aren't on GamStop. Top-rated bookmakers ever! | | | These links help Spaceweather.com stay online. Thank you to our supporters! | | | | | | | | |  | | |  | ©2021 Spaceweather.com. All rights reserved. This site is penned daily by Dr. Tony Phillips. | |
