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Science news and information about the Sun-Earth environment.

SPACE WEATHER
Current
Conditions

Solar Wind

speed: 414.8 km/s
density:
5.0 protons/cm3
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

X-ray Solar Flares

6-hr max:
B2 1700 UT May13
24-hr: C5 1330 UT May13
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

Daily Sun: 13 May '04
Sunspot 609 is growing rapidly and could harbot energy for strong solar flares. Image credit: SOHO/MDI

The Far Side of the Sun

This holographic image reveals no big sunspot groups on the far side of the Sun. Image credit: SOHO/MDI


Sunspot Number: 83
What is the sunspot number?
Updated: 12 May 2004

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 5.1 nT
Bz:
2.1 nT south
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2246 UT

Coronal Holes:

There are no substantial coronal holes on the Earth-facing side of the sun. Image credit: SOHO Extreme UV Imager


SPACE WEATHER
NOAA
Forecasts

Solar Flares: Probabilities for a medium-sized (M-class) or a major (X-class) solar flare during the next 24/48 hours are tabulated below.
Updated at 2004 May 13 2200 UTC
FLARE 0-24 hr 24-48 hr
CLASS M 20 % 20 %
CLASS X 05 % 05 %

Geomagnetic Storms: Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at 2004 May 13 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 25 % 25 %
MINOR 15 % 15 %
SEVERE 05 % 05 %

High latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 30 % 35 %
MINOR 20 % 20 %
SEVERE 05 % 05 %

What's Up in Space -- 13 May 2004
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SPACE STATION ECLIPSE: On May 13th, sky watchers can see a total eclipse of the planet Jupiter by the International Space Station (ISS). The narrow path of totality runs up and down the US east coast. If you miss the eclipse, you can still see the ISS during one of its many bright evening apparitions this week. Get the full story from Science@NASA.

SUNSPOT WATCH: Sunspot group 609 was practically invisible yesterday; today it's wider than Earth and visible from a distance of 93 million miles. The fast-growing 'spot and its unstable magnetic field pose a threat for M-class solar flares.

Above: Spanning a 30-hour period beginning 00:00 GMT on May 12th, this sequence of SOHO images shows the development of sunspot group 609. Individual spots within the group are each about the size of Earth.

COMET NEAT: Comet NEAT (C/2001 Q4) is fading, but it's still an easy target for binoculars and backyard telescopes. Look for it tonight after sunset; it's not far above the bright star Procyon in the southwestern sky. [sky map] [ephemeris]

CRESCENT VENUS: If you have a telescope, even a small one, point it at Venus. The planet, which has phases like the Moon, looks like a slender silvery crescent. Beautiful! You can find Venus shining brightly in the western sky at sunset. Venus is nearing Earth, so the crescent will grow larger and thinner every night for the rest of this month.

Right: Venus seen through a 4.5-inch telescope. "I would recommend everyone to go outside now and have a look, Venus is magnificent," says photographer Eric Walker of Scotland.

MOONBOW & VENUS: We've all seen rainbows during the day, but what about a rainbow at night? Rob Ratkowski of Pukalani, Maui, photographed this one soaring over the planet Venus on May 4th:

This is a lunar rainbow, or moonbow, caused by beams of moonlight bent by water droplets suspended in a mist over Maui's pineapple fields. "I got two phone calls from neighbors at 10:30 p.m. telling me to look," says Ratkowski. Moonbows are typically pale, and "there was only a slight amount of color visible to the unaided eye." But the camera revealed the colors nicely.



Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs are on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.

On 13 May 2004 there were 595 known Potentially
Hazardous Asteroids

April 2004 Earth-asteroid encounters
ASTEROID

 MISS DISTANCE

 MAG.
2001 HB

Apr. 4

36 LD

 19
2004 FY31

Apr. 11

12 LD

 19
1999 DJ4

Apr. 20

23 LD

 19
2004 GE2

Apr. 24

13 LD

 17
2003 YT1

Apr. 30

29 LD

 14
Notes: LD is a "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.

Essential Web Links

NOAA Space Environment Center -- The official U.S. government bureau for real-time monitoring of solar and geophysical events, research in solar-terrestrial physics, and forecasting solar and geophysical disturbances.

Atmospheric Optics -- the first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. See also Snow Crystals.

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory -- Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. (European Mirror Site)

Daily Sunspot Summaries -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Current Solar Images --a gallery of up-to-date solar pictures from the National Solar Data Analysis Center at the Goddard Space Flight Center. See also the GOES-12 Soft X-ray Imager.

Recent Solar Events -- a nice summary of current solar conditions from lmsal.com.

SOHO Farside Images of the Sun from SWAN and MDI.

The Latest SOHO Coronagraph Images -- from the Naval Research Lab

The Sun from Earth -- daily images of our star from the Big Bear Solar Observatory

List of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

Observable Comets -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

What is the Interplanetary Magnetic Field? -- A lucid answer from the University of Michigan. See also the Anatomy of Earth's Magnetosphere.

Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from NASA's ACE spacecraft. How powerful are solar wind gusts? Read this story from Science@NASA.

More Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Proton Monitor.

Aurora Forecast --from the University of Alaska's Geophysical Institute

Daily Solar Flare and Sunspot Data -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Lists of Coronal Mass Ejections -- from 1998 to 2001

What is an Iridium flare? See also Photographing Satellites by Brian Webb.

Vandenberg AFB missile launch schedule.

What is an Astronomical Unit, or AU?

Mirages: Mirages in Finland; An Introduction to Mirages;

NOAA Solar Flare and Sunspot Data: 1999; 2000; 2001; 2002; 2003; Jan-Mar., 2004;

Space Audio Streams: (University of Florida) 20 MHz radio emissions from Jupiter: #1, #2, #3, #4; (NASA/Marshall) INSPIRE: #1; (Stan Nelson of Roswell, New Mexico) meteor radar: #1, #2;

Recent International Astronomical Union Circulars

GLOSSARY | SPACE WEATHER TUTORIAL

Editor's Note: This site is sponsored by Science@NASA. Space weather and other forecasts that appear here are formulated by Dr. Tony Phillips. They are not guarantees of space weather or other celestial activity.

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