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Science news and information about the Sun-Earth environment.

SPACE WEATHER
Current
Conditions

Solar Wind

speed: 355.4 km/s
density:
7.1 protons/cm3
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

X-ray Solar Flares

6-hr max:
B4 2120 UT May14
24-hr: B7 0805 UT May14
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

Daily Sun: 14 May '04
Sunspot 609 is growing rapidly and could harbot energy for strong solar flares. Image credit: SOHO/MDI

The Far Side of the Sun

This holographic image reveals one substantial sunspot group on the far side of the Sun. Image credit: SOHO/MDI


Sunspot Number: 107
What is the sunspot number?
Updated: 13 May 2004

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 9.5 nT
Bz:
7.7 nT south
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2246 UT

Coronal Holes:

There are no substantial coronal holes on the Earth-facing side of the sun. Image credit: SOHO Extreme UV Imager


SPACE WEATHER
NOAA
Forecasts

Solar Flares: Probabilities for a medium-sized (M-class) or a major (X-class) solar flare during the next 24/48 hours are tabulated below.
Updated at 2004 May 14 2200 UTC
FLARE 0-24 hr 24-48 hr
CLASS M 20 % 20 %
CLASS X 05 % 05 %

Geomagnetic Storms: Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at 2004 May 14 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 25 % 20 %
MINOR 15 % 10 %
SEVERE 05 % 01 %

High latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 35 % 30 %
MINOR 20 % 15 %
SEVERE 05 % 05 %

What's Up in Space -- 14 May 2004
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SUNSPOT WATCH: Yesterday, sunspot group 609 was practically invisible; today it's wider than Earth and visible from a distance of 93 million miles. See for yourself--but never stare at the sun. Always practice safe solar observing techniques.

This 48-hour animation (credit: SOHO) shows how quickly sunspot 609 grew on May 12th and 13th. Individual spots within the group are about the size of Earth. The region's fast-changing magnetic field poses a threat for M-class solar flares.

COMET NEAT & THE BEEHIVE: Tonight, Comet NEAT (C/2001 Q4) glides by the Beehive star cluster (M44) in Cancer. To the unaided eye, the Beehive looks like a faint nebula; through binoculars or a small telescope, it reveals itself to be a sparkling cluster of hundreds of stars. Look for the pair in the western sky about 30 minutes after sunset. Binoculars are recommended. [sky maps: the big picture, the details]

Above: Comet NEAT approaches the Beehive Cluster on May 12th. Credit: Pete Lawrence of Selsey, West Sussex, UK. Click on the image for camera settings and other details.

more images: from Jack Newton of Arizona (2-min. exposure, May 12); from Terry Lutz of light-polluted Plymouth, Ohio (2-min. exp., May 12); from George Normandin of Vestal, New York (May 11); from Choongsoo Shin of Stanford, California (May 12); from Tim Printy of Hillsborough, New Hampshire (May 11); from Philippe Moussette of St-Elzéar, Québec, Canada (May 9).

THE ISS & JUPITER: The International Space Station (ISS) eclipsed Jupiter on May 13th. George Varros of Maryland recorded the event ... almost. "I missed the total eclipse," says Varros, "because I was a few hundred meters east of the ground track." The path of totality was only 80-meters wide, so it was easy to miss. Nevertheless, Varros did capture this video of the space station 40 arcseconds from the giant planet.

CRESCENT VENUS: If you have a telescope, even a small one, point it at Venus. The planet, which has phases like the Moon, looks like a slender silvery crescent. Beautiful! You can find Venus shining brightly in the western sky at sunset. Venus is nearing Earth, so the crescent will grow larger and thinner every night for the rest of this month.



Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs are on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.

On 14 May 2004 there were 595 known Potentially
Hazardous Asteroids

April 2004 Earth-asteroid encounters
ASTEROID

 MISS DISTANCE

 MAG.
2001 HB

Apr. 4

36 LD

 19
2004 FY31

Apr. 11

12 LD

 19
1999 DJ4

Apr. 20

23 LD

 19
2004 GE2

Apr. 24

13 LD

 17
2003 YT1

Apr. 30

29 LD

 14
Notes: LD is a "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.

Essential Web Links

NOAA Space Environment Center -- The official U.S. government bureau for real-time monitoring of solar and geophysical events, research in solar-terrestrial physics, and forecasting solar and geophysical disturbances.

Atmospheric Optics -- the first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. See also Snow Crystals.

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory -- Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. (European Mirror Site)

Daily Sunspot Summaries -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Current Solar Images --a gallery of up-to-date solar pictures from the National Solar Data Analysis Center at the Goddard Space Flight Center. See also the GOES-12 Soft X-ray Imager.

Recent Solar Events -- a nice summary of current solar conditions from lmsal.com.

SOHO Farside Images of the Sun from SWAN and MDI.

The Latest SOHO Coronagraph Images -- from the Naval Research Lab

The Sun from Earth -- daily images of our star from the Big Bear Solar Observatory

List of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

Observable Comets -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

What is the Interplanetary Magnetic Field? -- A lucid answer from the University of Michigan. See also the Anatomy of Earth's Magnetosphere.

Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from NASA's ACE spacecraft. How powerful are solar wind gusts? Read this story from Science@NASA.

More Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Proton Monitor.

Aurora Forecast --from the University of Alaska's Geophysical Institute

Daily Solar Flare and Sunspot Data -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Lists of Coronal Mass Ejections -- from 1998 to 2001

What is an Iridium flare? See also Photographing Satellites by Brian Webb.

Vandenberg AFB missile launch schedule.

What is an Astronomical Unit, or AU?

Mirages: Mirages in Finland; An Introduction to Mirages;

NOAA Solar Flare and Sunspot Data: 1999; 2000; 2001; 2002; 2003; Jan-Mar., 2004;

Space Audio Streams: (University of Florida) 20 MHz radio emissions from Jupiter: #1, #2, #3, #4; (NASA/Marshall) INSPIRE: #1; (Stan Nelson of Roswell, New Mexico) meteor radar: #1, #2;

Recent International Astronomical Union Circulars

GLOSSARY | SPACE WEATHER TUTORIAL

Editor's Note: This site is sponsored by Science@NASA. Space weather and other forecasts that appear here are formulated by Dr. Tony Phillips. They are not guarantees of space weather or other celestial activity.

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