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SpaceWeather.com -- News and information about meteor showers, solar flares, auroras, and near-Earth asteroids
 
Solar wind
speed: 487.5 km/sec
density: 9.06 protons/cm3
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 1146 UT
X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max: X2
2016 UT Feb17
24-hr: X2
2016 UT Feb17
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at: 2350 UT
Daily Sun: 17 Feb 23
Expand: labels | no labels
New sunspot AR3229 is crackling with low-level M-class solar flares. Credit: SDO/HMI

Sunspot number: 101
What is the sunspot number?
Updated 17 Feb 2023

Spotless Days
Current Stretch: 0 days
2023 total: 0 days (0%)
2022 total: 1 day (<1%)
2021 total: 64 days (18%)
2020 total: 208 days (57%)
2019 total: 281 days (77%)
2018 total: 221 days (61%)
2017 total: 104 days (28%)
2016 total: 32 days (9%)
2015 total: 0 days (0%)
2014 total: 1 day (<1%)
2013 total: 0 days (0%)
2012 total: 0 days (0%)
2011 total: 2 days (<1%)
2010 total: 51 days (14%)
2009 total: 260 days (71%)
2008 total: 268 days (73%)
2007 total: 152 days (42%)
2006 total: 70 days (19%)

Updated 17 Feb 2023


Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 20.92
x1010 W Warm
Max: 49.4
x1010 W Hot (10/1957)
Min: 2.05
x1010 W Cold (02/2009)
explanation | more data: gfx, txt
Updated 17 Feb 2023

The Radio Sun
10.7 cm flux: 163 sfu
explanation | more data
Updated 17 Feb 2023

Cosmic Rays Solar Cycle 25 is beginning, and this is reflected in the number of cosmic rays entering Earth's atmosphere. Neutron counts from the University of Oulu's Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory show that cosmic rays reaching Earth are slowly declining--a result of the yin-yang relationship between the solar cycle and cosmic rays.

Oulu Neutron Counts

Percentages of the Space Age average:
today: -2.0% Below Average
48-hr change: -0.6%
Max: +11.7% Very High
(12/2009)
Min: -32.1% Very Low (06/1991)
explanation | more data
Updated 17 Feb 2023 @ 1700 UT

Current Auroral Oval:
Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica
Credit: NOAA/Ovation
Planetary K-index
Now: Kp= 1.67 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 3.00
quiet
explanation | more data
Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 4.60 nT
Bz: -0.30 nT south
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 1146 UT
Coronal Holes: 17 Feb 23

There are no significant coronal holes on the Earthside of the sun.
Credit: SDO/AIA

Noctilucent Clouds
The southern hemisphere season for noctilucent clouds has begun. NASA's AIM spacecraft detected the first electric-blue puffs over Antarctica on Dec. 1st.
Switch view:Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula, East Antarctica, Polar
Updated Feb17
SPACE WEATHER
NOAA Forecasts
Updated at: 2023 Feb 17 2200 UTC
FLARE
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
CLASS M
50 %
50 %
CLASS X
15 %
15 %
Geomagnetic Storms:
Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at: 2023 Feb 17 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
30 %
35 %
MINOR
40 %
15 %
SEVERE
20 %
01 %
High latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
05 %
10 %
MINOR
20 %
25 %
SEVERE
70 %
50 %
 
Friday, Feb. 17, 2023
What's up in space
       
 

Never miss another geomagnetic storm. Sign up for Space Weather Alerts and you'll receive a text message when magnetic storms erupt. Aurora tour guides and professional astronomers use this service. You can, too!

 

GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH (UPDATED): Photographers, warm up your cameras. A CME is heading for Earth, and it could spark a good display of auroras when it arrives later today or tomorrow. NASA's computer model of the CME suggests it will reach Earth on Feb. 17th at 1800 UT. (Update: This time has passed with no CME yet.) First contact is expected to produce a minor G1-class geomagnetic storm, intensifying to moderate G2-class storming on Feb. 18th. During such storms, auroras can spill into the United States as far south as New York and Idaho. Aurora alerts: SMS Text.

STRONG X2-CLASS SOLAR FLARE: New sunspot AR3229 erupted on Feb. 17th (2016 UT), producing a strong X2-class solar flare. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) recorded the extreme ultraviolet pulse:


Radiation from the flare ionized the top of Earth's atmosphere, causing a deep shortwave radio blackout over the Americas. Mariners, aviators and ham radio operators may have noticed loss of signal and other unusual propagation efftects at frequencies below 30 MHz for more than an hour after the flare.

The long-duration flare also launched a solar tsunami. It is the shadowy shock wave in this 193 angstrom movie from SDO:

The US Air Force has reported a Type II solar radio burst coming from the tsunami. The drift rate of the burst suggests a shock speed greater than 2400 km/s (5.4 million mph). Solar tsunamis and Type II radio bursts are closely linked to CMEs, and we should expect to see one soon emerging from the blast site.

Stay tuned for updates about this significant event. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text.

Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

VENUS AND JUPITER ARE CONVERGING: When the sun goes down tonight, step outside and look west. Venus and Jupiter are shining brightly in the twilight sky, converging for a close encounter less than 2 weeks from now. Petr Horálek sends this picture from Soneva Jani, Maldives:

"Planets Jupiter (above) and Venus (below) are converging beautifully, a little closer every evening," says Horálek. "This image shows both of them in a romantic view of the Maldivian Soneva Jani Island."

At closest approach on March 1st, the two planets will be just 0.5 degrees apart--a beautiful pairing and one of the best astrophoto-ops of 2023. They're already an eye-catching pair. Take a look and submit your photos here.

Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

THE INFINITY PEARL: Nothing says "I love you forever" like the Infinity Pearl. The students of Earth to Sky Calculus launched this unique pendant to the stratosphere onboard a cosmic ray research balloon. For more than 2 hours it floated 101,378+ feet above the Sierra Nevada mountains of central California:

You can have it for $249.95. The students are selling space pearls to support their cosmic ray ballooning program. Measuring 9 mm in diameter, the Infinity Pearl is mounted on a sterling silver infinity twist and suspended from a matching 17 inch long sterling silver chain. Each one comes with a greeting card showing the pendant in flight and telling the story of its journey to the edge of space.

Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store
All sales support hands-on STEM education


Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

  All Sky Fireball Network
Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.

On Feb 17 2023, the network reported 10 fireballs.
(10 sporadics)

In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies]

  Near Earth Asteroids
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.
On February 17, 2023 there were 2330 potentially hazardous asteroids.
Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:
Asteroid
Date(UT)
Miss Distance
Velocity (km/s)
Diameter (m)
2023 CR3
2023-Feb-12
14.5 LD
6.5
24
2023 CK2
2023-Feb-12
15.7 LD
20.6
103
2023 CL1
2023-Feb-12
2.2 LD
10.9
12
2023 CJ1
2023-Feb-13
12.5 LD
7.2
28
2023 CB3
2023-Feb-13
11.9 LD
6.9
16
2021 EP4
2023-Feb-13
19 LD
6.1
5
2023 CU1
2023-Feb-14
5.7 LD
8.6
15
2023 DB
2023-Feb-14
6.8 LD
3.6
16
2023 CH2
2023-Feb-14
1.1 LD
10.1
19
2023 CP
2023-Feb-14
17.2 LD
3.4
36
2023 CZ1
2023-Feb-14
17.7 LD
8.6
15
2023 CP2
2023-Feb-14
2.9 LD
5.1
9
2023 CN2
2023-Feb-15
4.6 LD
9.7
10
2023 CT1
2023-Feb-15
2.2 LD
16.9
17
199145
2023-Feb-16
12 LD
24.6
770
2023 CF2
2023-Feb-16
3.9 LD
7.9
8
2023 CV1
2023-Feb-16
10.6 LD
7.3
37
2023 CJ2
2023-Feb-16
6.8 LD
8.2
29
2022 RG
2023-Feb-16
8.2 LD
3
25
2023 CG2
2023-Feb-16
1.3 LD
21.3
14
2023 CA3
2023-Feb-17
5.9 LD
12.4
14
2023 CS3
2023-Feb-17
9.4 LD
4.7
15
2023 CY1
2023-Feb-17
4.6 LD
6.7
20
2023 CW2
2023-Feb-17
1.6 LD
2.3
4
2020 DG4
2023-Feb-17
1.4 LD
6.9
8
2023 CC1
2023-Feb-18
15 LD
12.2
41
2023 CS2
2023-Feb-18
4.3 LD
7.6
9
2023 CE2
2023-Feb-18
13.6 LD
16.1
28
2023 CH1
2023-Feb-18
7.6 LD
7.5
16
2023 CW
2023-Feb-18
6.7 LD
7.6
26
2020 CX1
2023-Feb-19
17.4 LD
7.7
53
2023 CR2
2023-Feb-20
19.3 LD
17.4
21
37638
2023-Feb-21
17 LD
11.1
493
2023 AA2
2023-Feb-22
17.4 LD
10.1
133
2023 CM2
2023-Feb-22
2.1 LD
11.2
21
2023 CS1
2023-Feb-23
15.1 LD
9.1
30
2023 CG1
2023-Feb-25
15.2 LD
6.5
32
2023 DA
2023-Feb-26
2.8 LD
5.9
18
2023 CX2
2023-Feb-27
7.6 LD
2.3
11
2023 CC2
2023-Feb-27
16.2 LD
5.1
32
2012 DK31
2023-Feb-27
12.6 LD
15.5
143
2006 BE55
2023-Feb-28
9.4 LD
13.3
145
2021 QW
2023-Mar-03
13.9 LD
12.1
79
2017 BM123
2023-Mar-03
12.1 LD
7.8
61
2007 ED125
2023-Mar-03
11.7 LD
13.1
224
2015 EG
2023-Mar-04
13.9 LD
10.6
27
2023 BK5
2023-Mar-05
17.8 LD
8.4
62
535844
2023-Mar-07
10.5 LD
7.7
149
2020 FQ
2023-Mar-09
14 LD
6.3
13
2020 FV4
2023-Mar-13
17.6 LD
8.2
30
2023 CM
2023-Mar-14
10.3 LD
14
190
2018 UQ1
2023-Mar-17
10.7 LD
11.7
143
2016 WH
2023-Mar-19
18.1 LD
11.8
14
2018 FE3
2023-Mar-21
10.1 LD
5.4
13
2022 YK4
2023-Mar-29
11.9 LD
2.3
25
2017 SE12
2023-Mar-30
5.2 LD
8.4
15
2016 GH1
2023-Mar-30
7.7 LD
5.8
11
2022 GO3
2023-Apr-02
17 LD
11.6
15
2021 GN1
2023-Apr-02
17.7 LD
14.2
18
2018 FD
2023-Apr-07
17.9 LD
8.2
47
2019 GK21
2023-Apr-13
15.2 LD
8.1
27
2022 YK9
2023-Apr-13
19.9 LD
9.9
175
436774
2023-Apr-13
12.5 LD
17.6
719
Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU.
  Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere

SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 7 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.

Latest results (July 2022): Atmospheric radiation is decreasing in 2022. Our latest measurements in July 2022 registered a 6-year low:

What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down.

.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.

Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.

  Essential web links
NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center
  The official U.S. government space weather bureau
Atmospheric Optics
  The first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena.
Solar Dynamics Observatory
  Researchers call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO is the most advanced solar observatory ever.
STEREO
  3D views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
  Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO.
SolarMonitor.org
  information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary
Starlink Satellite Statistics
  current counts of failed and deployed Starlink satellites from Jonathan's Space Page
The Aerospace Corporation
  Authoritative predictions of space junk and satellite re-entries
Daily Sunspot Summaries
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
NOAA 27-Day Space Weather Forecasts
  fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong.
Aurora 30 min forecast
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
Live Aurora Webcam
  from Lights over Lapland
Heliophysics
  the underlying science of space weather

To get the best views of the cosmos, check out the Phoenix Window Glass Replacement experts for all your window and glass needs

To get an up close view of the heavenly bodies surrounding Earth, think about selling your junk car for cash and buying a high quality telescope.
Spaceweather.com welcomes these supporters of science communication: RV Sales and Arizona SEO and Arizona Business Directory and C8 Corvette | Phoenix Personal Injury Lawyer | Phoenix SEO
NASA Near Earth Asteroid Home Page

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